The Calilegua’s oil fields, in the Jujuy Province, started to be exploited in 1969 by the State company YPF. Even though the Calilegua National Park was founded in 1979 conjointly by the National and Jujuy’s governments, the oil drilling licenses passed through different owners and ended up in 2012 into the hands of the Chinese company Petro AP (JHP International Petroleum Engineering Ltd), which signed a memorandum of understanding with the JEMSE company (public and belonging to the Jujuy Province). Petro AP demanded a license in 2014 for multiplying its oil wells in the Caimancito field, in the territory of the protected area of Calilegua. By that time already ten oil wells were active while the forest rangers denounced around 24 abandoned wells polluting the Yuto stream, threatening the fauna, flora and the drinking water of the commune of Caimancito and the surrounding rural area. The Jujuy Province Governor Eduardo Fellner argues the activity will bring job opportunities to the region. The General Assembly of the Guarani Nation started to mobilize reminding that in the past being hired by multinationals has always meant low-paid jobs and poor working conditions for their communities.